Traction is used in our clinics as a specialized therapeutic modality to assist with joint decompression and mobility restoration within the hand and wrist. A gentle and controlled distracting force is applied to the targeted joint, guided by patient tolerance, clinical evidence, and the therapist’s professional judgment. This technique may be delivered manually or with assistive devices specifically designed for hand and upper extremity therapy.

How does traction work?

Traction works by temporarily separating joint surfaces, which helps reduce intra-articular pressure and promotes synovial fluid movement. This mechanical unloading can alleviate discomfort caused by joint stiffness, inflammation, or post-traumatic adhesions. It also facilitates improved alignment, enhances joint nutrition, and reduces localized pain, particularly in cases involving conditions such as joint contractures or early degenerative changes.

What are the different types of traction?

Manual traction

Manual traction in hand therapy is applied directly by the therapist using their hands to apply a low-force distraction to specific joints of the hand or wrist. This method is often used during therapeutic exercises or as part of joint mobilization techniques to increase range of motion. Manual traction may be intermittent and is commonly integrated with soft tissue mobilization or neuromuscular re-education to optimize therapeutic outcomes.

Mechanical traction

In hand therapy, mechanical traction refers to the use of small, calibrated devices that provide a consistent and adjustable force to distract hand or wrist joints. These devices may be used in static or dynamic modes and are sometimes paired with modalities such as heat or electrical stimulation. Mechanical traction is typically applied under the direction of a licensed physical or occupational therapist following a comprehensive evaluation.

What conditions can benefit from hand traction?

Hand traction may be indicated as part of a comprehensive treatment plan for several upper extremity conditions, including:

• Post-fracture joint stiffness
• Joint contractures
• Early degenerative joint disease
• Capsulitis
• Tendon adhesions
• Post-surgical stiffness (e.g., after tendon repair or joint reconstruction)

Each patient’s suitability for traction is assessed individually, ensuring that the intervention aligns with their diagnosis and functional goals.

Contraindications

Hand traction is not appropriate for all patients. It should be avoided or used with caution in the presence of:

• Acute joint inflammation or infection
• Recent fractures or surgical repairs not yet healed
• Ligamentous instability
• Malignancy in the affected region
• Severe osteoporosis affecting the hand or wrist

For further information about traction and to determine if this treatment may be beneficial for your condition, please contact one of our licensed hand therapists. We are happy to assess your needs and develop a personalized therapy plan.